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Tribonyx hodgenorum
Hodgens' waterhen〔The spelling is variously Hodgen's Waterhen or Hodgens' Waterhen. Sources such as ''Lost World of the Moa'' (2002) and ''Extinct birds of New Zealand'' (2006) are using the latter spelling.〕 or Hodgen's rail (''Tribonyx hodgenorum'') is an extinct rail species from New Zealand. Its name commemorates the Hodgen brothers who were owners of the Pyramid Valley swamp where the holotype was discovered. It reached a weight of 280 g and its wings were so reduced that it was unable to fly. It occupied a wide range of habitats, including open forest and grassland along riverbanks.
==History==
''Tribonyx hodgenorum'' was closely related to the black-tailed native-hen (''Tribonyx ventralis'') and the Tasmanian native-hen (''Tribonyx mortierii''). The species was first described by Ron Scarlett as ''Rallus hodgeni'' in 1955. Storrs L. Olson transferred it into the genus ''Gallinula'' in 1975 and changed its specific epithet to
''hodgenorum'' in 1986. It is only known from subfossil material of which the youngest Māori midden record is from the 18th century. Hundreds of bones have been unearthed at Pyramid Valley on South Island, at Lake Poukawa on North Island, and several other sites, indicating that it was once widespread in New Zealand except on the Chatham Islands. The main reasons for its extinction are likely to have been predation by the Pacific rat and hunting by human settlers.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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